The Tasmanian Tiger died out in mainland Australia ~2000 years ago, in Tasmania the Tiger is known to have hunted wallaby and could handle something as large as a sheep, but would have been no match for a Red or Grey. So no, the Kangaroo is not an adaption for the Tiger, go back to the Australia megafauna period and you find the Tiger was certainly no where near be the top predator.
The Thylacoleo was far larger
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thylacoleo
If you ever visit the Hobart Museum you will also see a Kangaroo that would have made the Tiger run a mile it is also from the megafauna period and stood up to ten feet tall.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Procoptodon
This was amongst a range of animals that were all quite large Including a relative of the Wombat that weighed 2 tons ther was also an equivalent to the possum but the size of a Puma and carnivorous, so the Tiger was not even close to the top of the food chain.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Australian_megafauna#Marsupials
As far as the legs of Kangaroos go, they are for speed and sparing amongst males, they are not a practical weapon of defense except against rather slow tourists, and of couse the other competitor that Tigers had on the mainland was the Dingo which came to Australia with one of the migrations of Aboriginals thousands of years ago, it is probably not a great coincidence that Tigers survived here in Tasmania an extra 2000 years and that the Dingo never made it here before the land bridge connecting us to the mainland was flooded at the end of the last ice age.